PHP Smarty
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Smarty Basics
Smarty uses the curly brackets--{ and }--to delineate special code. Anything on a template page between the curly brackets will be handled by Smarty. Anything outside of those is treated literally.
Smarty also has its own style of comments--{* and *}. Anything within those will have no effect and will not be sent in the HTML source code. This allows you to place comments within a template that are not viewable in a Web browser (unlike HTML comments). These same delineators can be used for multiline comments, as well.
Variables in a template have the same naming conventions as those in PHP code, although they have to be within the curly brackets to be meaningful to Smarty. For example: {$var}. Numerical-indexed array elements can be accessed using $array[3]. Associative array elements can be accessed using $array.key or $array['key']. As in PHP, variables in Smarty are case-sensitive.
Smarty has two types of special variables: configuration variables and $smarty. Configuration variables in a template are surrounded by hashmarks: #var#. The placeholder will be replaced with the corresponding value from a configuration file. $smarty is a special variable, providing a way to access configuration variables, $_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, $_SESSION, etc., and a couple of other useful values.
Smarty supports many other features, each of which is discussed on its own page of this PHP Tutorial:
- Modifiers
- Modifiers are used in templates to provide default modifications of placeholder values. Examples include changing a string's case, formating a date, or applying the nl2br() function.
- Functions
- Functions allow you to add logic to presentations by including files, looping through arrays, using conditionals, and so forth.
- Caching
- By applying caching to templated pages, you can improve a site's performance.
- Miscellaneous
- A few remaining topics are discussed here, including: the $smarty reserved variable, configuration files, debugging, plugins, math, and obfuscating e-mail addresses.
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